Maganin saman jiki wata hanya ce ta ƙirƙirar wani Layer na saman jiki wanda ke da halaye na injiniya, na zahiri, da na sinadarai daban da kayan tushe.

Manufar gyaran saman shine a biya buƙatun musamman na kayan don juriya ga tsatsa, juriya ga lalacewa, ado, da sauran abubuwa. Niƙa injina, maganin sinadarai, maganin zafi a saman, da fesa saman suna daga cikin dabarun gyaran saman da muke amfani da su akai-akai. Manufar gyaran saman shine a tsaftace, tsintsiya, cire ƙura, cire mai, da kuma cire saman kayan aikin. Za mu yi nazarin hanyar da za a bi don gyaran saman a yau.

Ana amfani da fasahar lantarki ta injin tsotsa, na'urar lantarki ta lantarki, na'urar gogewa ta lantarki, na'urar gogewa ta lantarki, na'urar buga takardu, na'urar galvanizing, na'urar shafa foda, na'urar buga ruwa, na'urar buga allo, na'urar electrophoresis, da sauran dabarun magance saman.

1. Injin lantarki mai amfani da injin

Wani abin da ke haifar da ajiyar abubuwa na zahiri shine plating na injin. Ana raba kayan da aka nufa zuwa ƙwayoyin halitta waɗanda kayan da ke aiki ke sha don samar da wani Layer na ƙarfe mai laushi da daidaito lokacin da aka shigar da iskar argon a cikin yanayin injin kuma ya bugi kayan da aka nufa.

Kayan da suka dace:

1. Ana iya yin amfani da nau'ikan kayan aiki iri-iri, ciki har da ƙarfe, polymers masu laushi da tauri, kayan haɗin gwiwa, yumbu, da gilashi, a cikin injin tsabtace iska. Aluminum shine kayan da aka fi amfani da shi a cikin wutar lantarki, sai azurfa da jan ƙarfe.

2. Saboda danshi a cikin kayan halitta zai shafi muhallin injin tsabtace iska, kayan halitta ba su dace da yin amfani da injin tsabtace iska ba.

Kudin aiki: Kudin aiki don yin fenti mai tsabta yana da yawa saboda dole ne a fesa kayan aikin, a ɗora su, a sauke su, sannan a sake fesa su. Duk da haka, sarkakiya da yawan kayan aikin suma suna taka rawa a cikin farashin aiki.

Tasirin muhalli: Yin amfani da na'urar feshi ta injin tsotsa ba ya haifar da illa ga muhalli kamar feshi.

2. Yin amfani da wutar lantarki (electroplashing)

Da taimakon wutar lantarki, ana canza ƙwayoyin halitta na kayan aiki da aka nutse a cikin wani electrolyte zuwa ions sannan a cire su daga saman yayin aikin electrochemical na "electroplating," wanda ke cire ƙananan burrs kuma yana haskaka saman kayan aikin.

Kayan da suka dace:

1. Yawancin karafa ana iya goge su ta hanyar lantarki, tare da goge saman bakin karfe shine mafi shaharar amfani (musamman ga bakin karfe mai matakin nukiliya na austenitic).

2. Ba zai yiwu a yi amfani da electrolyte ba a lokaci guda ko ma a cikin maganin electrolytic iri ɗaya.

Kudin aiki: Saboda gogewar electrolytic aiki ne mai sarrafa kansa gaba ɗaya, farashin aiki ba shi da yawa. Tasiri ga muhalli: gogewar electrolytic yana amfani da ƙananan sinadarai masu haɗari. Yana da sauƙin amfani kuma kawai yana buƙatar ƙaramin ruwa don kammala aikin. Bugu da ƙari, yana iya hana tsatsa na bakin ƙarfe da kuma faɗaɗa halayen bakin ƙarfe.

3. Fasahar buga kushin

A yau, ɗaya daga cikin mahimman dabarun bugawa na musamman shine ikon buga rubutu, zane-zane, da hotuna a saman abubuwa masu siffofi marasa tsari.

Kusan dukkan kayan aiki ana iya amfani da su don buga kushin, ban da waɗanda suka fi laushi fiye da kushin silicone, gami da PTFE.

Ana danganta ƙarancin kuɗin aiki da kuma kuɗin mold da wannan tsari.
Tasirin Muhalli: Wannan tsari yana da babban tasiri ga muhalli domin yana aiki ne kawai da tawada mai narkewa, waɗanda aka yi da sinadarai masu haɗari.

4. tsarin yin amfani da zinc

wata hanya ta gyaran saman da ke shafa kayan ƙarfe a cikin wani Layer na zinc don kyawun gani da kuma hana tsatsa. Tsarin kariya daga sinadarai na lantarki, Layer ɗin zinc da ke saman zai iya dakatar da tsatsa ta ƙarfe. Galvanizing da kuma galvanizing mai zafi su ne hanyoyi biyu da aka fi amfani da su.

Kayan da za a iya amfani da su: Saboda tsarin yin amfani da galvanization ya dogara ne akan fasahar haɗa ƙarfe, ana iya amfani da shi ne kawai don magance saman ƙarfe da ƙarfe.

Kudin tsari: ɗan gajeren lokaci/matsakaicin kuɗin aiki, babu kuɗin ƙira. Wannan ya faru ne saboda ingancin saman kayan aikin ya dogara sosai akan shirye-shiryen saman jiki da aka yi kafin a yi amfani da galvanized.

Tasirin Muhalli: Tsarin galvanization yana da tasiri mai kyau ga muhalli ta hanyar tsawaita rayuwar sassan ƙarfe da shekaru 40-100 da kuma hana tsatsa da tsatsa na kayan aikin. Bugu da ƙari, sake amfani da sinadarin zinc mai ruwa ba zai haifar da sharar sinadarai ko ta zahiri ba, kuma ana iya mayar da kayan aikin galvanized a cikin tankin galvanizing da zarar tsawon aikinsa ya ƙare.

5. tsarin sanyaya

Tsarin electrolytic na shafa fim ɗin ƙarfe a saman abubuwan da aka haɗa domin inganta juriyar lalacewa, juriyar watsawa, hasken haske, juriyar tsatsa, da kuma kyawun yanayi. Akwai kuma tsabar kuɗi da yawa da ke da electroplating a saman su na waje.

Kayan da suka dace:

1. Yawancin karafa ana iya amfani da su ta hanyar lantarki, amma tsarki da ingancin plating sun bambanta tsakanin karafa daban-daban. Daga cikinsu, tin, chromium, nickel, azurfa, zinariya, da rhodium sune suka fi yawa.

2. ABS shine kayan da ake yawan amfani da su ta hanyar lantarki.

3. Saboda nickel yana da haɗari ga fata kuma yana da haushi, ba za a iya amfani da shi don yin amfani da shi don yin amfani da duk wani abu da ya taɓa fata ba.

Kudin tsari: babu farashin mold, amma ana buƙatar kayan aiki don gyara abubuwan haɗin; farashin lokaci ya bambanta da zafin jiki da nau'in ƙarfe; farashin aiki (matsakaici-babba); ya danganta da nau'in kayan shafa daban-daban; misali, yin amfani da kayan yanka da kayan ado yana buƙatar tsadar aiki mai yawa. Saboda tsauraran ƙa'idodi na dorewa da kyau, ma'aikata masu ƙwarewa ne ke kula da shi.

Tasirin Muhalli: Saboda tsarin electroplating yana amfani da abubuwa masu cutarwa da yawa, ƙwararre wajen cirewa da cirewa ya zama dole don tabbatar da ƙarancin lalacewar muhalli.